Cancer that develops in plasma cells of bone marrow is Myeloma. Part of the body's immune system, the plasma cells, produces antibodies and helps to fight infection. Bone lesions develop when these cells become damaged and out of control. With the development of these abnormal cells, the other cells in the blood that produce red and white blood cells, and platelets, cannot produce enough blood cells. The result is lowered immunity, anemia, unusual or excessive bleeding, and suppression of the body's ability to fight off infection.
Risk Factors:
Age: Multiple Myeloma is most often diagnosed in people older than 65.
Sex: Men develop this disease at a slightly higher rate than women.
Race/ethnicity: The African American population develops multiple Myeloma at more than double the white population's rate.
Weight: Being overweight or obese puts a person at an increased risk for this disease.
Medical history: Individuals with certain plasma cell diseases are more likely to develop multiple Myeloma.
Signs & Symptoms:
Anemia
Drowsiness, Confusion, or Fatigue
Muscle weakness
Nausea
Unexplained weight loss
Unexplained bone pain
Fever or infections not associated with another illness
Kidney damage or failure
Hypercalcemia (high level of calcium in the blood)
Blood clots caused by low platelets
Unusual nosebleeds, bleeding gums, bruising
Screening & Diagnostic Testing:
Some diagnostic procedures used when multiple Myeloma is suspected are listed below. It will depend on the type of disease as to which of these tests your oncologist will order to make a definitive diagnosis:
Physical Exam and Medical History
Biopsy
Laboratory tests (blood and urine)
Bone marrow biopsy
Imaging: X-Ray, CT Scan, MRI, PET-CT
Lung function testing
Molecular
Helpful Patient Resources:
We understand that receiving a cancer diagnosis can be a very scary and emotional time for patients and their families. Therefore, it is essential to discuss any questions or concerns you may have with your oncologist. We highly recommend that if you do any research about your disease, you do so only with reputable sources. For your convenience, we've listed some below.
